Generations of Computers

Computer ki ek peedhi smeh ke sath computer parjogiki mai sudar ko sandarbhit karti hai.

1946,mai ginti krne ke liye sarkit namk electronic marg viksat kiye gye hai.

Esne pichli computing machin main ginti ke liye upjog kiye jane  giyar or any yantrik baghoon ko badal diya.

Parteyak nvi peehdi, main pichli peehdi ki sarkito ki tulna mai sarkit chote or adhik unnit hote gaye.

Lggukaran ne computer ki gatti or smriti or sakti ko bdane main bhi madad ki hai.

computer ki panch peedhiya hai.

Jiska varnan niche kiya gya hai; 

 First Generation Computers

Pahli peedhi (1946-1959) ke computer dheme visahl or mhenge the.

En computeron mai, vaccum tube ka upjog C.P.U or memory ke buniyadi gahatko ke rup mai kiya jata hai.

Yeah computer mukhya rup se batch operating system or panch card ke uper nirbhar the.

Es peedhi mai chumbki tape or paper tape ka upjog output or input device ke rup mai kiya jata tha.

Pehli peedhi ke kuj lokpriya computer hai ;

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integretor and Computer)

EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Atomatic Computer)

UNIVAC (Universal Atomatic Computer)

IBM-701

IBM-650

Second Generation Computers

(1959-1965) transistor computer ka yhug tha

.

En computeron mai transistor ka upjog kiya jata tha jo ke saste compect or kam bijli ki khapt krte the.

Esne pehli peedhi ke computeron ki tulna mai transistor computeron ko tej bna diya hai.

Es peedhi main chumbki core ka upjog prathmik memory ke rup mai kiya jata tha.

Chumbki disk or tape ka istemal ditiyak bhandarn ke rup main  kiya jata tha.

En computeron mai Assembly language and programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN,or batch processing or Maltiprogramming Operating System ka upjog kiya gya tha.

Kuch lokpriya dusri peedhi ke computer niche diye gye hai.

IBM 1620

IBM 7094

CDC 1604

CDC 3600

UNIVAC 1108

Third Generation Computers 

Computer main transistor ki jgah integreted circuits (ICs) ka istemal hota tha.

Ek ekal IC badi sankhya main transistor ko pack kar skta hai jis se computer ki sakti bad sakti hai or lagat kam ho jati hai.

Computer bhi adhik vissvashnii kushal 

Or akhar mai chote ho gye hai.

Es peedhi ke computer operating system ke rup mai remote processing,time sharing, Maltiprogramming ka istemal krte the.

Sath hi, es peedhi main high-level programming languages jaise FORTRON -|| to IV,  COBOL,  PASCAL,  PL/1,  ALGOL-68, KA Upjog kiya gya tha.

Kuch lokpriya third peedhi ke computer niche diya gye hai.

IBM-360series

Honeywell-6000series

PDP(Personal Data processor)

IBM-370/168

TDC-316

Fourth Generation Computers

(1971-1980) computer bhut bade pemhane par ekikrit circuit ka istemal kar skte the.

Ek chip jisme lakhon transistor or circuit tatv hote hai.

Es chip ne computer ko adhik sakhtisali, compect or tej bna diya hai.

Es peedhi ke computeron mai real time,time sharing,distributed operating system ka istemal kiya jata hai.

Es peedhi mai C, C++, DBASE jaisi programming languages ka bhi istemal kiya gya tha.

Fourth peedhi ke kuch lokpriya computer niche diye gye hai.  

DEC 10      

     

STAR 1000    

PDP 11

CRAY-1(SUPER  COMPUTER)

CRAY-X-MP(SUPER  COMPUTER)

Fifth Generation Computers

Panchvi peedhi(1990 se ab tak) ke computeron mai VLSI technology ko ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) se badal diya gya tha.

Esne 10 million electronic ghatko ke sath microproceesor chips ka utpadan sambhav bnaya tha.

Es peedhi ke computer samanater processing hardware AI (Artificial Intelligence) software ka istemal krte the.

Es peedhi mai upjog ki jane vali programming languages C,C++,Java, .Net addi thi.

Panchvi peedhi ke kuch lokpriya computer niche diye gye hai.

Desktop

Laptop

NoteBook

UltraBook

ChromeBook